Amifostine

Definition

The trihydrate form of a phosphorylated aminosulfhydryl compound. After dephosphorylation of amifostine by alkaline phosphatase to an active free sulfhydryl (thiol) metabolite, the thiol metabolite binds to and detoxifies cytotoxic platinum-containing metabolites of cisplatin and scavenges free radicals induced by cisplatin and ionizing radiation. The elevated activity of this agent in normal tissues results from both the relative abundance of alkaline phosphatase in normal tissues and the greater vascularity of normal tissues compared to tumor tissues.

Also known as 2-[(3-Aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol Dihydrogen Phosphate Ester Trihydrate, AMIFOSTINE, Amifostine Trihydrate, Aminopropylaminoethylthiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate, APAETP, Cytofos, Ethiofos, Ethyol, Gammaphos, S-(N-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-aminoethyl)thiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate, S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic Acid Trihydrate, WR 2721, WR-2721, WR2721, YM-08310 — per NCIT

Also identified as

• ATC V03AF05 per RXNORM
• NCIT NCIT:C488 per NCIT
• SCTID 108823002 per RXNORM
• SCTID 386923005 per RXNORM
• UNII M487QF2F4V per RXNORM

Indications