Nicotine
Nicotine
Definition
A plant alkaloid, found in the tobacco plant, and addictive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that causes either ganglionic stimulation in low doses or ganglionic blockage in high doses. Nicotine acts as an agonist at the nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, at neuromuscular junctions, and in the adrenal medulla and the brain. Nicotine's CNS-stimulating activities may be mediated through the release of several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, beta-endorphin, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and ACTH. As a result, peripheral vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and elevated blood pressure may be observed with nicotine intake. This agent may also stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby inducing nausea and vomiting.
Also known as (-)-Nicotine, (S)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine, 1-Methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine, beta-Pyridyl-alpha-N-methylpyrrolidine, NIC, NICOTINE — per NCIT
Also identified as
- ATC N07BA01 per RXNORM
- NCIT NCIT:C691 per NCIT
- SCTID 323283001 per RXNORM
- SCTID 68540007 per RXNORM
- UNII 6M3C89ZY6R per RXNORM
Indications
| Disease | Relation | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Substance withdrawal syndrome | may prevent | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
| Nicotine dependence | may treat | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
| Ulcerative colitis | may treat | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
Organ Effects
| Organ | Side effect / interaction | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Alimentary part of gastrointestinal system | may treat a disease of this organ | DERIVED · CC BY 4.0 |
| Intestine | may treat a disease of this organ | DERIVED · CC BY 4.0 |
2 entries above are marked DERIVED: Atlas Médico inferred them by combining two sourced claims, and no source asserts these links directly. Treat them as a navigation aid, not as a clinical statement.