Phenobarbital
Phenobarbital
Definition
A long-acting barbituric acid derivative with antipsychotic property. Phenobarbital binds to and activates the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor, thereby mimicking the inhibitory actions of GABA in the brain. The activation effects of the phenobarbital-receptor-ionophore complex include increased frequency of chloride channel openings, membrane hyperpolarization and ultimately synaptic inhibition and decreased neuronal excitability. In addition, this agent inhibits glutamate induced depolarization.
Also known as 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione, PHENO, PHENOBARBITAL — per NCIT
Also identified as
- ATC N03AA02 per RXNORM
- NCIT NCIT:C739 per NCIT
- SCTID 373505007 per RXNORM
- SCTID 51073002 per RXNORM
- UNII YQE403BP4D per RXNORM
Indications
| Disease | Relation | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures | may treat | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
| Focal epilepsy | may treat | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | may treat | MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work) |
Organ Effects
| Organ | Side effect / interaction | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | may treat a disease of this organ | DERIVED · CC BY 4.0 |
| Central nervous system | may treat a disease of this organ | DERIVED · CC BY 4.0 |
| Nervous system | may treat a disease of this organ | DERIVED · CC BY 4.0 |
3 entries above are marked DERIVED: Atlas Médico inferred them by combining two sourced claims, and no source asserts these links directly. Treat them as a navigation aid, not as a clinical statement.