Timolol

Definition

A propanolamine derivative and a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive property. Timolol competitively binds to beta-1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle and beta-2-receptors in the bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, resulting in a decrease in beta-adrenergic stimulation. Beta-1-receptor blockade results in a decrease in resting and exercise heart rate and cardiac output, a decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and, possibly, a reduction in reflex orthostatic hypotension. Beta-2-blockade results in an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. The ultimate results include vasodilation, and negative chronotropic and inotropic cardiac effects. In addition, timolol reduces intra-ocular pressure possibly by decreasing aqueous humor production by reduction of blood flow to the ciliary processes and cAMP synthesis.

Also known as (S)-1-(tert-Butylamino)-3-((4-morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol, 2-Propanol, 1-((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)-3-((4-(4-morpholinyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)oxy)-, hemihydrate, (S)-, Betimol, Blocadren, TIMOLOL — per NCIT

Also identified as

• ATC C07AA06 per RXNORM
• ATC S01ED01 per RXNORM
• NCIT NCIT:C47757 per NCIT
• SCTID 372880004 per RXNORM
• SCTID 85591001 per RXNORM
• UNII 817W3C6175 per RXNORM

Indications

Organ Effects

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