Hepatic encephalopathy

Hepatic encephalopathy

Definition

Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis. It is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction, when other known brain disease has been excluded.Signs and symptomsmay be debilitating, and they can begin mildly and gradually, or occur suddenly and severely. They may includepersonality or moodchanges, intellectual impairment, abnormal movements,a depressed level of consciousness, and other symptoms.There are several theories regarding the exact cause, butdevelopment of the condition isprobablyat least partiallydue to the effect of substances that are toxic to nerve tissue (neurotoxic), which are typically present with liver damage and/or liver disease. Treatment depends upon the severity of mental status changes and upon the certainty of the diagnosis.

Also known as portal-systemic encephalopathy — per MONDO

Also identified as

Affected Organs

Organ Involvement Source
Brain Disease Has Associated Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0
Brain Disease Has Primary Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0
Central nervous system Disease Has Associated Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0
Central nervous system Disease Has Primary Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0
Nervous system Disease Has Associated Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0
Nervous system Disease Has Primary Anatomic Site NCIT · CC BY 4.0

Drugs indicated

Drug Relation Source
Rifaximin may prevent MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work)
Lactulose may treat MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work)
Neomycin may treat MEDRT · Public domain (U.S. Government work)