Hepatocellular carcinoma

Definition

A malignant tumor that arises from hepatocytes. Hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively rare in the United States but very common in all African countries south of the Sahara and in Southeast Asia. Most cases are seen in patients over the age of 50 years, but this tumor can also occur in younger individuals and even in children. Hepatocellular carcinoma is more common in males than females and is associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. Serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs in a large percentage of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, hepatocellular carcinoma may present as a single mass, as multiple nodules, or as diffuse liver involvement. Microscopically, there is a wide range of differentiation from tumor to tumor (well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors). Hepatocellular carcinomas quickly metastasize to regional lymph nodes and lung. The overall median survival of untreated liver cell carcinoma is about 4 months. The most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is complete resection of the tumor. Lately, an increasing number of tumors have been treated with liver transplantation.

Also known as cancer, hepatocellular, carcinoma of liver, carcinoma of liver cells, carcinoma of the liver cells, carcinoma, hepatocellular, malignant, HCC, hepatoblastoma, somatic, hepatocellular adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular cancer, hepatocellular cancer, somatic, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, childhood type, somatic, hepatocellular carcinoma, somatic, hepatoma, liver carcinoma, liver cell cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), liver cell carcinoma, primary carcinoma of liver cells, primary carcinoma of the liver cells — per MONDO

Also identified as

• DOID 684 per MONDO
• DOID 686 per MONDO
• ICD10CM C22.0 per MONDO
• MESH D006528 per MONDO
• NCIT C3099 per MONDO
• OMIM 114550 per MONDO
• Orphanet 88673 per MONDO
• UMLS C2239176 per MONDO

Affected Organs

Drugs indicated